Journal Entry 7

What is the writer trying to find out more about through their research (what research question guides their work)?

What defines revision in a professional context? What approach is taken by those who make their living revising—that is, professional editors? Are their resemblances between their strategies? How is their revision process influenced by the mandate they receive, their conception of revision, and their experience?

What is the research methodology of this article (how do they collect their information, and how do they analyze the information they collect)?

By initiating a case study where editors were participating and through that the editing of these professional editors undergoes thorough revision and many questions are asked to what influenced their changes or revision of the text


How does professional editing differ from how students revise their own work?

The professional editor will not make any amendment to influence, change or improve the writes style rather the editor takes a neutral view towards the paper. Second is if author of the text reviews himself he/she can make amendments to their however much they would like while if edited by a professional a mandate that restricts changes he can make to the text

Dear Mom and Dad

Dear Mom and Dad,

I would first like to say this is not what you think, this is not something i came up with in the spur of the moment. I thought about this for a long time pondering the consequences of my actions. Second, i would like to apologize if i have caused you any embaressment or disgrace this was never my intention.

I have long thought about this decision and i have many reasons to support this decision which many people marvel at. I know that due to our financial situation i will not be able to continue my higher education for long. You raised to beleive that virginity is a sacred gift a women should reserve for just the right man whenever he comes along. While i still beleive those ideals i pondered upon the value that i get from it to help me in my life.
While this might not seem ethical to you trust me i am highly justified; besides, usually although virginity is so valueable women all over the world are losing it for no value whatsoever. I merely decided to benefit from my situation.

Last, i would like to say im sorry if i hurt you in any way or if i have caused any embarassment or hurt to you.

My love,
Natallie

Journal entry 6

What does Bitzer not mean by "rhetorical situation"?

Bitzer's view on the situation doesn't only mean context. He stresses that a rhetorical situation does not consist simply of understanding a speech, in depends on understanding the context of the meaning. Thus, no concept is truly comprehended unless the meaning is understood. He also says that meaning is a general term and has nothing to do with a rhetorical situation. Also, a rhetorical situation does not need to occur in a setting where there is a speaker, audience, or a communicative purpose because .He also says that a rhetorical situation does not have to do with persuasion, or trying to alter the beliefs of an audience.

What does Bitzer mean by "rhetorical situation"?

He states that it always occurs for some reason, to perform some task. Hence, it always produces an action. He also defines its function “as a fitting response to a situation which needs and invites it.” Therefore, “rhetorical situation” is necessary in some situations. Finally he states,”rhetorical situation may be defined as a complex of persons, events, objects, and relations presenting an actual or potential exigence. ..”

Explain what "exigence" is. Give an example.

Exigence is an imperfection marked by urgency, it is a defect, an obstacle, something waiting to be done, and a thing which is other than it should be. An example would be, say like you found out that subway uses pre frozen or meats that are not fresh like they claim. Their actions can cause health problems or sicknesses in customers. Their actions can be stopped if someone addresses them.

Journal entry 5

Among the numerous debates in the English studies book the one that caught my eye is the controversial issue of specialization. A side debates that “specialization has advanced out knowledge in all of the disciplines that make up the English language”. While others state that his creates a system that is confined. Specialization has also caused problems such as: English departments, as administrative structures based largely on the coverage model, are unable to represent in their curricula transformations in the field of English studies generally. To my eyes, specialization has helped in many ways but in a way it’s true that the coverage model doesn’t allow the representation of curricula transformations. An example is these days it is fixed as in I have to take this and that; what about the interest in what you’re actually taking. However, I believe that specialization does more good than bad because its allows the person to engage in higher academic discourse. In addition, it advances the person to a higher platform expanding his knowledge and allowing one to be challenged mentally and creatively.

Some oppose specialization because it doesn’t allow higher knowledge to everyone only those who are going on all the way. This system causes people who just want to expand their education, know a little better about that subject to be rejected. One of the major concerns is that specialization causes undermining of lower-division courses and privileges higher-division ones thus alienating potential people who are interested in this discipline overall.

Journal Entry #3

• What does Bartholomae mean when he says that students must “invent the university” when they write in college?

That the students or writers must rise up to the occasion and must write with passion and with professionalism and distinctness. They must represent writing in all of its aspects professionally and in the right manner. They must be able to speak the language of writing.

• What does Bartholomae suggest is a way for students to become “insiders” within academic discourse?

They must be engaged in the discourse and learn to extend themselves into the commonplaces, set phrases, rituals, gestures, habits of mind, tricks of persuasion, obligatory conclusions, and necessary connections that determine the “what might be said” and constitute knowledge within the various branches of our academic community.

• Summarize some of the differences between the two examples of student writing that Bartholomae examines, and Bartholomae’s opinion of these examples.

The first was rather short and simple while the second was somewhat longer and more complex. The first wasn't very well thought out and lacked "rising to the occasion" or creativity while the second presented a well rounded view and opinion around the subject and was accompanied with solid vocab and a smart manipulation of language.

Bartholomae thought of the first essay as tidy and somewhat seemless yet it lacked originality and length upon describing such a diverse topic.

Bartholomae thought of the second essay as simply magnificent and playful in a way in which the language was manipulated to bring about the writers persona. He also thought it was a difficult style and highly qualified.

Writing Workshop #1

Expertise in:

• Reading
• Gaming
• Swimming
• Photo shopping
• Video Editing
• Decor and Decorative construction
• Cooking
• Photographic memory
• Computer Programming

I am also intrested in:

• Fiction books and tales
• Volleyball
• Reading extremly long books

Journal Entry #2

http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940CE2D61639F933A05750C0A9659C8B63

Claim: Abortion should be illegal
Qualifiers: Only in the United States or only when certain conditions apply
Conditions of rebuttal: Except if it's dangerous to the mother, rape victims

Warrant: Life is precious and murder is wrong
Backing: Murder is illegal, the golden rule, only god should have the power to give and take life

Data: It is considered murder
Grounds: Murder is the unlawful killing of another human being, anything with a heart beat is considered alive, intentional stopping of heart beat.

Jounral Entry 1 - Abortion-

http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940CE2D61639F933A05750C0A9659C8B63

The Claim is that "Abortion Should be Illegal"
The type of claim is policy since abortion should be illegal

The type of appeal is pathos because it uses evidence that when pregnancy is discovered by that time the baby has a heart beat and it is murder to kill someone with a heart beat.